Monday, November 6, 2017

The meaning of E equals M C squared


What is e equals m c squared. The E term is for energy. The unit is Kelvin. It is considered energy of temperature Celsius and Fahrenheit scales SI (System Internal) units. Kevin is equal to the Celsius scale. If we use a reference, the time it takes heat to melt  cubic meter of ice into vaporized steam.

The term mass describes the density of matter. The next time you are at a convince store weigh a kg product in your hand. You are feeling the mass of the earth and 1kg pulling on each other. 

Though the universe the gravitational pull of masses pulling on each other is in Newtown's you feel pulling on the mass you hold in your hand. For the earth gravity 9.8 Newtown's of force holding above the floor.  The experiment shows what 9.8 Newton's feels like. 9.8N of gravitational pull of the earth's mass  is the same whether a gram or several billion thousand tones of sea.

Let me ask you a question something else about mass. Which weighs heavier a 1kg packet of butter at your average supermarket, the mass of a 1kg piece of steel or the mass of a 1kg plastic bag stuffed full of feathers? The mass of the feathers the pack of butter and steel bar all weigh the same.

The moon's mass is a sixths the size of earth. If we weigh a kg on a scale celebrated for the mass of the earth would only read 166 grams. The gravitational pull of the moons mass is a sixth of earth.   Our mathematical instinct agrees it is a simple arthritic sum telling us 166 grams is 1kg divided by 6.
Any 2 dollar caculator reads 1 divid a thousand pans out to decimal 0.166 endless 6's of a kg.

The c is the constant maximum speed of light in the zero resistance of out of space. In a mile term 186 miles per second. If we multiply 186 thousand by 1.609 gives us the km per second term 299 thousand 274km in a second. Proof of this every mile equals 1.609km. Both equal light speed a 186 thousand times faster than a second on earth.

Squared like doubling any number in this case multipling byitself. In a miles scale a 186 thousand squared becomes a figure of 34 billon 596 million. Despite km terms since there is 1.609km every mile a 186 thousand means the same thing.

In other words light travels a distance of a 186 thousand miles and 299 thousand 274km by the time the second hand of a clock moves every division. In both terms light speed is equal to a 186 thousand times faster than the second hand can move.

If we take a milligram of mass (calculator read outs, 1 dived a 1kg, that is by a thousand equals 0.001Kg)  multiplied by light speed squared using the miles term projects the energy potential inside every atom of matter.

This energy is realized by bombarding the center of a properly processed mg of Uranium by atomic particles on a light speed scale. The energy of the moving particles (kinetic energy) smash the core to smithereens erupting into the energy of a nuclear blast. The formulea can been seen in a different perspective as E = c squared m.

Military measure the yelled in kilotons (Killo pounced Key-low we tend to pronounce as killer for a
tone multiplied by a thousand) and Megatons (for multiplying by a million) forces of the heat and energy blast

energy of the blast.

Sunday, November 5, 2017

Science fiction is full of time travel stories. The first attempt was H.G. Wells. In 1898 he wrote  novel about an intrepid traveler setting out in a machine into the future. There was a 1960 movie of the same name and the 2002 remake that brought things up to date. Then there was the time travel villain chase though time called Time After Time and many other time travel stories.

What would Wells's story been like if he know all about the 20th century history. Imagine a late 21st century time traveler inspired by late 19th H.G. Wells. This late 21st century traveler goes back though time to the mid 19th before Well's wrote his novel to write an adventure of a time traveler traveling to the late 21st century. That's over 200 years of future history told in just 1 novel. A the navel as told be the author told be the traveler would be something like this. 

Our traveler would soon learn observing the environments time speed up every time he thought was increasing speed thought it. Every time he slowed down the environment's time speed up even returning normal speed at a certain time in the future.

He soon realized the curious anomaly was due to his machine was somehow manipulating his time independently of a fixed environment time which made him wonder if time travel was only independent time travel. He wondered if the environment's time was a fixed level explaining why every time he slowed down the environment's time speed up.

The machine had slowed independently many times slower than every environment second. Every time the traveler increased what he thought was speeding up in time was actually slowing down slower and slower though an independently fixed environment time.

Such a effect our traveler become so slow the environment years flash by in minuets. If he went any slower many environment centuries would have flash by in seconds.

What our traveler thought time would slow down our traveler observed the environment's time speed up many times faster proportionately he was slowing down. He was traveling on a different time scale than the environment time. He was able to slow down his time so much he was able to control the rate of speed grinding down back up to normal environment time speed in the present time.

After getting over his discoveries he set out to explore what the future would be like. He couldn't quite get used to slowing down to increase the environment's speed back to normal time speed. Curiously he slowed down to normal speed to explore his surroundings.

Exploring curious first drop off a news billboard headline attracted his attention learning of the future things currently happening at present time. News of the Rolla familiarly and other political events soon followed. Stop off would become a regular habit to seek out news papers. A convince of local library collections was ideal avoiding cash he didn't have to spare.

No doubt the novel adventures would be visiting local liberty news paper collections was a regularly as a common source of catching up on the future things to come he missed while traveling traveling forward though the environment's few years.

If such a novel was published could have have been seen as great as wondrous Nasturtiums like prophases of the future.

Assuming stopping of a few points in curiosity the traveler becomes an eye witnesses of the future mid and late 19th century politics that history describes as the origins leading up to the early 20th century first world war though library news paper collections.

We can Imagine the fiction traveler learning though a news paper head lines a common source of learning of the future as he went learning of a first lighter than air powered aircraft flight in America.

As the novel progresses though the environment's time our traveler would have have seen for himself the changes in environment technology and every local liberty visits learning from news papers every time his curiosity compelled him to stop off.

An interesting chapter the traveler might tell readers how intrigued he was discovering a publication of a science magazine headline in a local library called the dynamics of moving bodies by Albert Einstein we call today the special theory of relativity adventure. Moving on a few years library news paper collections would have been a common source of learning of the sinking of a unsinkable  great liner that was sunk by and iceberg called the Titanic.

What if the novel is plagued with constant machine break downs forcing our traveler to stop several times. Overheating and mechanical ware an tear problems would be a common plague.

Making use of advanced knowledge of what's to come our author creates entangled adventures his character tweaking with his machine problems while an eye witnesses to the outbreak of the first world war. Exploring the streets news paper headline displays would be common he could catch up on. Our fictional character could tract world war one vents according to news paper reports including the armistice

After the war our fictional traveler learns Albert Einstein had overthrown Isaac Newtonian gravity in his Special Theory of relativity. As he travels on though the environment's time each drop off he would discover  news paper reports track the rise of a world war a 1 corporal from the Great War rise during the 1920's.

Traveling between the war years predicting future events to mid 19th century prediction a great economic depression such as a tragic event of Hinesburg air ship disaster in 1937. All said and done  would be a Nasturtiums prophecy of things to come in the future 1920 and 1930 events including the leadership rise of this world war 1 corporal. News paper headlines would be the only common source of information.

Coincidently in one episode of the original Star Trek TV series Captain Kirk and Mr. Spock where forced to engage back in time to the 1930 depression times to undo damage done to history.

By this time our author would be describing our fiction character describing the wonders of technology Britons first teleportation of moving pictures in 1936 we know today as Television.
As our intrepid fictional charter travels in to 1940's into 12940's describes Britain at war with Germany for the second time at of a air war of the Battle of britain'

During this time in future 1980 science fiction movie Called the Final countdown about a 1980 aircraft carrier that traveled through time to the day before the attack on Pearl Harbor. The end of the adventure nearly cost the course of history as we know it. If we use our imagining was saved just in time by radio inference ripple though time by our intrepid traveler tweaking with his machine to get it to run smoothly again after a break down repair. The author would probably had made things interesting with a adventure just in time averting a disaster in that time.

Then in the Latter Enterprise TV series Captain Jonathan Archer was forced to engage in time travel entanglement with aliens bent on the destruction of earth during the second world war on earth.
Coincidently a secrete Naval experiment according to the 1984 Philadelphia Experiment movie set in 1943. Two sailors were stationed on a ship testing a new radar device that was supposed to render their ship invisible to radar ended up trudging the Nevada desert in 1984.

If we use our imagination our intrepid time traveler's radiating space time entangled the time slips when our traveler was tweaking with his machine to run smoothly again after a rough trip. Our fictional time traveler goes on to predict the news paper accounts of the coming Jewish Holocaust in the closing year of of the second world war.

Then there was a legend of the Vulcan first officer of the TV series Enterprise ancestor of a Volcan ships crew stranded on earth in the midd 1950 American small town. Latter in 1967 Mr Sock and captain Kirk had to engage in another time travel antic at NSA headquarters to help correct history again at the time of the grand son of the famous inverter Zephrin Crocken inventor the wrap drive after accidentally being beamed on board the Enterprise.

By this time our fictional character would be regularly viewing New papers plus TV news footage coving the events of the 50's into the 60's

Adventures continued in the 70's and 80's our traveler would an eye witnesses to events of to come for mid 19th readers of a 100 years time and into the beginning of the early 21 century history. The historic novel would reveal things to come for the mid to late late 21 century events to come. 

By the early 90's our fictional character would be an eye witnesses of the birth of the internet. He would whiteness a growing trend of personal computers. By the late 90 had morphed into hand held we know as our mobile phones today. Our fictional character is eye witnesses to the early 21 century events moving beyond 2020.

Star trek deep space nine the crew of their attack ship the Defiant is thrown back in time to 2024 on Earth. Our science fiction character would be viewing on television a time when America was attempting to solve the problem of homelessness had erected Sanctuary Districts where unemployed and mentally ill persons were locked in makeshift ghettos.

The captain of the Defiant Captain Sisco was involved in accidentally being reasonable for the death of a hero of the growing food riots, much the same condition of the bread riots that caused the Russian revolution during world war 1. He was forced to play the part of playing along as he when taking the place of the hero himself as he went to save history. In the end things worked out just as the future history books say it did.

What next for the mid 21st century. Star Trek again. This time a movie length future called First Contact. It involves an attempt by what was called the Borg collective traveling back in time to assimilate humanity at the time of the Great Zephin Cockron was about to lunch his new warp speed rocket in the year 2067 and the first contact with an alien race calling themselves Vulcans. The crew of the Enterprise was directly involved in the lunching of the warp drive rocket responsible for attracting the attention of the Volcans prompting them to make contact.

What ever the case maybe unlike star wars Star Trek has persistently predicted the future of the mid and late 21st century history and beyond. The whole of the late 19th century, 20th and 21 century It was a insight any midd 19th century reader.

Wednesday, November 1, 2017

Star wars hyperspace drive/Star Treck Warp drive

Warp drive first introduced  in the original science fiction TV series Star Trek and later in star wars as hyperspace drive. In the Star Trek theme opening credits the Enterprise and Voyager, the fronts stretched forward like a rubber band the back snapping forward into the ship disappearing into the horizon. We were introduced to hyperspace by star wars Han Solo's space ship the Millennium Falcon cockpit view of accelerating to light speed in a second.

Light in the zero resistance of out of space coasts at a maximum momentum speed limit of 186 thousand miles per second. Note every mile equals 1.609km. It is only a matter of 186 thousand times 1.609 giving us the kilometer per second term. If we do the math's on this adding up all the seconds of an hour pans out to 3 thousand 600 seconds the time of an hour long TV program. If we multiply by a 186 thousand gives mph times 1.609 giving us the kmph term.

When the NBC Television series introduced wrap drive over 50 years ago the idea solved the problem of lunching the Enterprise to light speed. The ship was accelerate 0 to a distance 186 thousand miles (or 299 thousand 274km if you like) in one second flat. At that point the acceleration is canceled to a constant 186 thousand miles and 299 thousand 274 kilometers per second indefinitely until the warp drive was canceled dropping out of warp.

Just how did the Enterprise and the Millennium Falcon manage light speed in a second? The key is the scientific principle of what happens when mixing a bit of antimatter with matter. According to science the mix is supposed to inanimate each other in a almighty explosion. Just how does this happen? And why didn't the antimatter and matter mix inanimate each other?

We have all at some time or another played round with magnets discovering not only to they cling to each other they repeal each other with equal forces. If we suspend a bar magnet in a sling will align itself across the North and south poles with the earth magnetic poles like a compass needle. One end is pushed away by one pole while the other end is pulled to the other.

We have North (N) seeking and the other end South seeking poles. We can selleotope each end with a ticket marking one end N and the other end S identifying the two poles of the magnet. We have a magnetic law that says like repel and unlike attract. What has this got to do with matter and antimatter mix.?

If we rub a plastic bag with dry hands in a dry day we can feel the plastic sticking to the palm of our hands like a magnet. It won't work with damp and sweaty hands in damp days. Dry hands in a dry day is essential to generate a static electrical charge between the plastic material and your hand. If it doesn't appear to work odds are conditions are not perfect.

This is because matter is made up of atoms made up of orbiting electrical charges called electrons orbiting electrically opposite charged particles (expressed as the nucleus) called protons sandwiched between neutral particles called neutrons. The electrically charged electrons are negative (-) and the electrically charged protons positive.(+). The ends of every battery is alive with these opposite electrical - and + terminals called voltage. It doesn't flow only alive with voltage.

The negative terminals are made up of a excess electrons and the opposite terminal an equal amount missing making each terminal domineering positive and negative

A current flow is only when a load is in parallel (across) the two terminals. These opposite charges obey the same like charges repel and unlike charges attract as the N and S poles of every magnet. The access electrons in the - terminal are repelled by the negative voltage attracted by the nearest positive voltage direction flying to them like nails to a magnet.

Anti matter is a mirror image of matter only the protons are negatively charges and the electrons are positively charged. It's not hard to imagine what happens when a negatively charge proton occupying the same space as a negatively charged electron. So to a positive charged proton and a positively charged electron. This is what happens when matter and antimatter is introduced to each other. The repelling forces repel the like charges on a light speed scale.

The Millennium Falcon in star wars and the Enterprises engines made use of the effect to drive the sips into warp of hyper drive.

When matter takes off at high speed it generates a pull back force on the mass of the accelerating body we express as G's. (G-force). It is the characteristic of all accelerating bodies called the inertia of the bodies resisting acceleration.

1 G is the force of the earth mass pulling us to the surface felt as the force of gravity on our body at rest. Accelerating in motion a force of 2 G's is the feeling as if twice our body weight compressing us from all directions. A force of 3G's is a feeling of 3 times our body weight compressing us. A force of 4G's is a force so great we start to feel the stress of the compression we feel very heavy our hearts struggling under the weight, struggle to breath and feeling giddy on the verge of passing out. Beyond that is what happens to us.

Operating on the principle the engines of the Enterprise and Millennium Falcon introduce a controlled amount of antimatter that make up the matter of the two ships. The repelling effect of the like charges creates an unique situation of pulling the mass of the ships forward instead of pulling them back at take off warping space ahead of the ships. In effect alimented the inertia of the two ships. low pressure in front pulled the ships forward and high pressure at the back pushed them forward. If the maximum speed of light is anything to go by warp 10 is dead on light speed.

The physics of a traveling gas funneled into a narrow restriction accelerates though the restriction applies to the the warp drive engines aiding to the warping of space ahead of the ships. A similar effect in the narrow neck of the sink well of a black hole forming a wormhole. Gravity pulls matter into the event horizon. When it encounters the narrow bottle neck of the body it is accelerated by the compression in the black hole's sink well. The smaller the neck the faster matter will accelerate though it.

The heat we feel of a bicycle pump pumping air into an already hard tire is not from friction you know. The hose connection is a tiny opening. The compression and narrow restriction accelerating the air produces the heat. Medium priced pumps avoids this with direct nozzle connection. Similarly matter is accelerated though the narrow restriction inside the wormhole bottle neck liken to the hose connection of a bicycle pump.

Monday, October 30, 2017

Sliding a wormhole.

In the second year of world War 1 the German science magazine Annalen der Physik published Albert Einstein's squall of the 1905 special theory called the General theory. Space is rubbery and flexible. The mass of stars and planets bends space. It is bent into a curve round them. According to Newtonian gravity the mass of the Artic circle at the North pole pulls space inward on it just as the mass the Antarctic continent at the south pole. The earth is in the center of a religion of curved space surounding the entire circumference in a three dimensonal cacoon.
For centuries astronomers observed planet and stars orbiting in the night night sky. What was orbiting them? Isaac Newtown provided an answer a gravitational pull of a mass is near by from a planet or star.
Astronomers asked why they couldn't they see it? Newtown's answer if a star with enough mass to capture a 100% of light is in orbit round such a star in an endless loop light is not traveling directly in a straight line to their eyes. Such an answer provided astronomers with the insight into such a body would not be able to observe any reflecting light. It would be a black void hidden in the black void of space.
According to Newtown's laws of motion the only thing that could capture a 100% of light in an endless loop orbit the gravitational field must be stronger than light speed can escape called a dark star familiar to us as a black hole.
In 1935 Albert Einstein with a couple of collages Boris Podolskv and Nathan Rossen set out to publish a paper arguing quantum physics was an incomplete science. Einstein's general theory predicted the gravitational pull could shrink a deep well in space. The trio dreamed up an experiment to show just how. Wells could possibly be linked by a pair of dark stars.
The experiment predicted the modern interpretation of a short cut portal to the other side of the universe we typical call wormholes known as the Einstein, Podolskv, Rosen (EPR) bridge to the other side of the universe. Or the modern interpretation of linking parallel universes.
If the law of physics gas entering a narrow and restricted bottle neck accelerates faster is anything to go by, mater entering a wormhole entrance squeezed by the bottle neck of the narrow bridge will turbo charge though it exiting out the other black hole.
If we experiment with a pair of kitchen funnels connected to together dumping a cup of water one end (The force of the water is a gravity feed) we can see a jet come purring out at speed the other end. If this works on a cosmic scale the velocity the bottle neck will transport matter clear across the other side of the universe within a few minutes. The trouble is violates the speed of light law.
Breaking the light barrier was  a popular theme of time traveling into the past. A theory suggests, if we exceed light speed time should go backwards.
Einstein believed the consequence of the narrow bridge matter could never be able to exceed light speed anyway. Light speed in the zero resistance of space coasts at a 186 thousand miles per second. It travels the distance every time the second hand of a clock and our wrist watch moves every division.
If traveling though a narrow restriction of a wormhole is accelerated to the maximum speed would exit the other black hole clear across the other side of the universe in only a matter of Minutes. We know there is 60 seconds in a minute. Thus 60 times light speed equals the distance turbo charging though the bridge in that time.
Note. Every mile equals 1.609km. It's only a matter of the mph term multiplied by 1.609 giving kilometers per second term.
The maximum speed of light is a perfect mathematical constant for calculating distances light travels in a time. Even in the zero resistance of out of space light doesn't coast any faster. Calculations involving light speed and time round the clock there is no fractions remaining to complicate things.
This leaves it easy for our mathematical instinct to agree adding up all the seconds of a minute multiplied by a light second either kilometer or mile term projects the distance light is turbo charged up to the maximum speed of light though transverse wormholes in that time.
If we slide a transverse wormhole at the maximum speed of light every second in a minute amounts to 60 times 186 thousand giving us a total distance of 11 million 160 thousand miles every minute we slide the transverse portal. Multiplied by 1.609 pans out to 17 million 956 thousand and 440km in that time. Most of us believe we travel much faster than that. If so just by how much is unknown. Some of us may question if we travel an infinite distance in a second. Time is traveling a infinite distance every second that pass on earth
We can add up all the seconds in an hour times the 24 hours of a day of earth time we traveled the distance sliding the bridge. If so wormholes are the 
If matter is turbo charged to the maximum speed of light we can add up all the seconds for the 7 calendar days of a calendar week sliding the wormhole including every calendar month to every year.
Taking into account of the extra day at the end of every third February leap year we can project the distance light traveled at it's maximum speed sliding though the bridge in decades, centuries, millennia (thousand years) millions and billions of years even in trillions of centuries. But in outer space time earth time may mean nothing. Even so the refence just shows how far we travel at light speed compared to the time on earth.
In the apparent zero resistance of out of space every second on earth is always constant light second added to every second after every second we slide the bridge indefinitely.
Today it is every school boy knowledge light from the moon takes less than a couple of seconds to reach our eyes and just under 8 minutes from the sun. By the time you finish this sentence light had traveled 186 thousand miles twice over above the sun's surface. Or 186 thousand miles by the time the second hand of a clock or wrist watch moved every division.
From the sun's point of view is always real time just as real time on earth is to us. From our point of view we won't see light that just left the sun now until 8 minutes into our future. Real time for sun light is scheduled to reach earth 8 minutes into the future. For real time on earth the sunlight we see now is only an image of the sun 8 minute ago every second. Looking at the sun now is an image of what it was 8 minutes ago.
If we do the arithmetic on this we can project all the seconds in 8 minutes (8 times 60) multiplied by light speed in miles terms multiplying by1.609 gives us the distance in kilometers the distance from the sun from earth. It is a mistake to round off 299 thousand 274km to 300 thousand because as we add up distances will produce a massive error. Stay with every 299 thousand 274km to be precise. It is as equal as adding every 186 thousand miles to every second.
Distance distorts our real time of the sun by 8 minutes. By the time you finish this sentence. Light from the sun spreads out in outer of space all directions away from the sun as much as towards us.
The sunlight we see now is 186 thousand miles away from earth, every second added the father away it travels in every second. The second hand of every wrist watch and clock moving every division is a now time that comes from the future second passing into the past second every second direction. We observe sunlight from the sun coming towards us as much as we see distant star light coming towards us.
Every second second hand division movement of our wrist watches and clocks is a sub light speed scale. If we do the arthritic on this our mathematical instinct agrees our math's agrees light speed is 186 thousand times as fast as every second on earth. 186 thousand times as fast as every second applies to every 1.609km. Proof of this a 186 thousand times 1.609.
The law of mathematics tell us we can 1.609 times 186 thousand. We can dived 299 thousand 274km by 186 thousand giving us 1.609km or 299 thousand 274 divide 1.609 giving us a 186 thousand respectively. The same applies to in mph terms. Light speed at it's maximum speed is always a 186 thousand times faster than every second on earth.
Proof of this 1 dived a 186 thousand equals a 186th of a second times 186 thousand pans out to 186 thousand miles and 1.609km in one second. Every 186th thousandth environment second is every mile every 1.609km. From our point of view every second of our time is a 186th of the environment second.
Einstein's special theory of relativity on the dynamics of time at light speed If turbo charged to maximum light speed sliding a wormhole is anything to go by when we accelerate to light speed we accelerate faster than the second on earth. The faster we go the closer we get to the maximum speed of light the slower the universe should appear to travel.
When we finally reach light the maximum speed limit we would be traveling in parallel with it. From our point of view  we would be traveling no distance in relation to traveling the same speed.
Mathematically means light to us is zero motion just as we observe traveling in parallel relative to traveling the same velocity as another vehicle on a state highway.
But if we observe time on earth at light speed's point of view it turns out to be the reciprocal of 186 thousand. (A reciprocal is 1 divide any number in this case 1 divided by a 186 thousand a 186 thousandth second). In other words light travels a distance of a mile or every 1.609km every 186 thousandth of a second. Observing every second on earth we would observe it stretched every 186 thousand seconds of our time.
It's because we are traveling 186 thousand times faster reference than the reference of the environment second. The environment's time may look stopped to us but from environment observers point of view time is moving every second as normal.
To us we would appear a 186 thousand times as fast as their every second into the future.
Time is not stopped from either point of view because we are traveling every186 thousand seconds to the environment's every second. Or if you like traveling every second of our time is traveling in parallel with every 18th environment second.
From environment observers point of view of sees us as fast is relative to our point of view viewing environment observers as slow. Since light speed don't travel any faster than it does we are traveling a point where time on earth has maxed out to slow for us to observ the environment time move anymore. In other words the faster we observe the environment's time the slower we observe it proportionately.
In acceleration terms it would be like observing the environment's time take a 186 thousand seconds of our time for just 1 environment second to slow sown to stop. From the environment observers point of we zapped a 186 thousand times as fast in their second.  From our point of view we would be traveling constantly every 186 thousand second increments of our time of every second of the environment's time.
From environment observers point of view we would appear a constant 186 thousand times as fast as every their second.
A consequence of light speed is spelt out by Isaac Newtown's laws of force and motion particularly his third law that says where there is a force there is an opposite and equal force opposing the the force Accelerating the body. It is the nature of all accelerating bodies reinstating acceleration called inertia.
To put Newtown's laws in perspective we'd experience the force that comes with high speed we famously call G's. We experience it as a force compressing us inward from every direction. Roller Coaster accelerations is a classic example of this.
1G is the force of the earth's mass pulling us to the surface as our body weight. In Roller coaster accelerations the compression force of 2G is a feeling of twice our body weight. Three G's twice our body weight. At 4G's we experience so much compression we are that close to blacking out.
A good example is the forces of a 450kmph rocket sled take off. The mph term is times 0.621. This acceleration hurls the sled to a distance of a 125 meters (times 3,281 in feet) by the time the second hand of our wrist watch second hand moves a division. Machine gun Bullets travel no more than about that speed.

Friday, October 27, 2017

Planck Constant


If a Planck constant is anything to go by the universe is on a Planck scale. If we divide 1 by 10 forty-three times multiplied by 6.262 equals thirty-nine decimal zeros 6262 a total of a 43 decimal number of a meter, a kilogram of mass and a second of time. The scientific notation is 6.262 times 10 to the minus 43 respectively. Note the law of mathematics tells us we can pronounce the syntax 10 to the minus 43 times 6.262 holds true.

The reciprocal tells us the same 6262 number relocated on the left of the same number of zeros amounts to 1 multiplied by 10 forty-three times multiplied by the same 6.262 giving a 43 digit number, better known by the scientific notation, 6.262 times 10 to the 43. The 10 to the 43 times 6.262 syntax also holds true.

10 to the 43 is the number of Planck seconds in a second. By comparison our computer processing speed ii Gigahertz (From the standard metric system for a thousand million GHz) only a 1 with a mere nine zeros. =In scientific notation term 10 to the 9Hz equals 1GHz or the other syntax 10 to the 9Hz. If the processing speed was on a Planck would be 10 to the 34 times 6.626 GHz.

If you think the Planck Constant is a huge number consider the internet search engine is named after called Goggle. It is 1 multiplied by 10 a 100 digit number over twice the number of zeros of a Planck constant. Compared to a Planck Constant is an insignificant number.

We can see when adding zeros we can never reach infinite. Every additional zero is 10 times as large. 0 plus a 0, plus another 0, add another and another and another and so on indefinitely. In theory the number of zeros added will surpass a few trillion zero number we can still add zeros. The continuous addition of is nowhere near infinite. Where would that leave the Planck Constant at only 39 zeros?

Turning our attention to gravity Albert Einstein's General theory of relativity tells us Isaac Newton's inward pull force of the mass of matter such as our sun and earth distort space round them. Stars, planets, comets, asteroids even specs of dust stretches space into curve space surrounding their circumferences.

The mass of the  Artic circle of the earth's North pole for example pulls space inward as much as the Antarctic an containment of the south pole. The result is a curved religion of space round the entire circumference of the sun, earth including all the planets of our solar system.

The standard model of black holes the very center called the singularity was a state infinitely dense with zero volume mass. But if the smallest amount of mass of a Planck constant is anything to go by we can easily appreciate the center to the edge (radius) of a singularity is a Planck length. 0 The entire singularity weighs 6.262 times 10 to the 43 kilograms of gravitational compression is significant amount of gravity. If we convert to tones amounts to 6.262 times 10 to the 40.

If we look at the standard model of the atom consists of orbiting particles called electrons orbiting central particles called protons and neutrons thought as pure energy instead of the traditional point particle idea. According to physics atoms are in a const flux of vibration a single back and forth moment (one wavelength) in a Planck second called Hertz. (Hz). In the case the atomic particle frequency many on a Planck constant scale in every second.

Scientists believe the particle of the atom burrow though space and time they call tunneling. To you and me disappear instantly reappearing another place. The disappearing and reappearing act is what a Danish particle physicist of the 1920's Neil’s Bore proposed electrons jumping from one orbit to another within the atom expressed as quantum leaping.

If the Planck constant is anything to go by, the math's tells us one quantum leap amounts to a quantum leap of a Planck second in a Planck length amounts to 6.262 times 10 to the 43 times by the time the second hand of a clock moves every division. There is well over several dozen trillions of google electrons doing the same leaping throughout just one piece of space let alone the whole universe considering nowhere near infinite.

If a Planck Constant frequency is anything to go by If we were to observe time on earth from the point of view observers would observe us 6.262 times 10 to the 43 times as fast as every environment second. From the environment's point of view time runs as normal. From our point of view looks stopped. From our point of view would every environment second would appear 6.262 times 10 to the 43 times as slow.

In other words from our point of view of the environment appears stopped. It is only the illusion of us going so fast the environment's time had long become to slow to observe moving anymore. If the Planck Constant is anything to go by we observe every environment second moving though time every 6.262 times 10 to the 43 seconds as opposed to every one environment second. We are not seeing the envelopments time stopped. The environment's time is never stopped than we are going as fast.

Theoretical physics believe atomic particle behavior two particles occupy the same space at the same time. It is what they call spin action. This may be just an illusion due to the speed of the spin if on a Planck frequency. At that kind of frequency in every second it may look like atomic particles are occupying the same space at the same time.

The particles this part of the universe is simultaneously quantum leaping with the entire universe. Atoms this part of the universe is entangled with the particles of the atom clear across the other side expressed as an action at a distance. It would seem what atomic particles do in this local part of the has an instantaneous effect on the particles clear across the other side.

Light particles called photons have a peculiar characteristic of doing things only particles do then only a waveform can only do at a moment’s notice. Light (including atomic particles) are known for their duel properties of being a stream of particles and a waveform characteristic. The extraordinary thing they change their characteristic just by looking at them.

Particle physicists contend the act of observing an atomic particle vanishes it. It is believed reappears in another place we are not looking. This quantum leaping is completely Radom. It is not something predictable.

There is only 2 states one position here then anther position over there if a Planck Constant is anything to go by a every Planck length in a Planck second of time. Every time we look at a particle it moves to another position in that time. The Planck time scale is so fast we can never trace any particle moving from position to position.

Sunday, October 22, 2017

Spinning Black holes

The second year of world war 1 a German science magazine Annalen der Physik published the sequel of Albert Einstein's 1905 dynamics of moving bodies the special theory of relativity called the General theory. The General theory proposes space is flexible and rubbery bent by the mass of bodies. There are those who believe Einstein's general theory of relatively proves black holes pull space into a deep well.

The mass of stars, planets, including asteroids comets to specks of dust shrink space inward all directions round the entire circumference a bit like water pressure compressing deep sea submersibles squeezed from all directions. Similarly mass is capsulated in a stretched religion surrounding it. Right in the center of this surrounding tight squeeze is the mass itself.

The center of the gravitational pull of a black hole may be as finite as the Planck Constant. A Pluck constant is 1 divided by 10 forty-three times multiplied by 6.262 giving us thirty-nine decimal zeros and 6262 fraction of a meter. If we multiply 1 by 10 forty-three times multiplied by 6.262 is 6.262 times 10 to the 43, the same 6262 thirty-nine zero number. If the Planck constant is anything to go by right in the center of the tight squeeze is a singularity of mass on a Planck scale. The Planck constant is the smallest amount of mass, length space and time

It has been suggested a spinning black hole at the speed of light theoretically should be fast enough centrifugal force to overcome the gravitational pull pushing outwards into a stable ring space ships can safely travel though to another universes or at lest the other side of this one. It's assuming the laws of centrifugal force in circular motion explains how we can travel though black holes.

If we examine the physics of spin we discover it isn't as simple as that. The center of all spinning circles spin on the spot. The center of the artic circle and Antarctica oo earth spin on the spot.

The edge of any circling circle  has distance to travel while the spinning on the spot in the center has not. If we open out a circle to a straight line we and measure the straight line with a ruler we find the distance the edge travels the circle.

Lets say light traveling in a straight line is a distance of a 186 thousand miles (Note. Every mile equals 1.609km. If we multiply by light speed we get kilometers per second term). If any straight line is rolled into a circle becomes the same distance full rotation in time.

If we rap a piece of string round the equator of a globe opened out to a straight line will measure the distance of the circumference. With a bit of mathematical figuring we can scale the circumference of a globe relative in scale of the real earth.

More information on spheres are revealed by all straight lines raped round the equator of any sphere. Opened out to a straight is the same circumference of a any circle the same circumference of any sphere.

Likewise if we measure every straight line measures the circumference of every circle and sphere Information is also revealed by (pie) pi that calculates the circumference and diameter across them. Half the diameter reveals the center to the edge of any circle and sphere. If the Planck constant is anything to go by the center of the of black hole radius is a Planck length (6.262 times 10 to the menus 43 of a meter). Using this information pi will calculate the diameter and circumference csn be calculated.

Again if the Planck constant is anything to go by then the gravitational pull would be 6.262 times 10 to the 43 kilograms of tight squeeze force for the diameter across it. In tones term would be 6.262 times 10 to the 39. The relative size of black now singularities to the proportional of gravitational pull is one of the enduring mysteries of the universe.

The earth being a sphere the center of the artic circle and Antarctica spin on the spot the velocity that of the earth's spin. At the same time the mass of the two poles compress inward equally bulging the equator where it has distance to travel round the circumference every 24 hour velocity.

The momentum forces of any spinning sphere is concentrated in the equators not in the center. It is the outer edge where the maximum force is. A pin in the center of a spinning disc will only spin vertically experiencing no distance to travel thus no significant force. Spinning disc force is concentrated in the distance the edge spins. The same principle applies to the distance of the equators of spinning spheres.

We can all understand the physical forces using a merry go round analogy. The outside swings travel more distance round in the circling swings than the inside ones. The outer swings feel the brunt of the force. Not the inner ones.

The faster the merry go round goes the more power in the outer edge force. Despite spinning faster the inner swings having less distance to travel experience less force. A person standing right in the center of the spin on the spot travels zero distance. This person will experience virtually no force at all.

Some of us speculate because of the strange effects of black hole gravity may not apply to black holes. What would work the opposite effect? Is there more force on the singularity then the event horizon? An easy answer for these people the effects of light speed changes the law of physics opposite to the laws we know should work.

If we recap the laws of a merry go round instead imagine all the force at the edge of the black void of the event horizon of a black hole centrifugal force concentrated right in the center of the spinning hole. It's certainly an ideal place where centrifugal force is needed the most to open an aperture in it.
The distance the event horizon traveles round experiences little or no force. The singularity takes it all.

If the same laws apply is anything to go by is very little centrifugal force may be right in the center of black holes. It is a decision we all need to consider if the laws of physics apply or don't. Using a merry go round example there is very little force generated in the center of black holes. When we take the gravitational squeeze into consideration certainly not enough to over come the immense inward inward pull power where it is needed to successfully open an aperture in it.

Others speculate the laws of circular motion physics applies working on the event horizon creating a safely ring round the singularity we can safely by pass sliding though the event horizon. Thus the spinning event horizon at light speed is no longer a point of now return.

When does the laws of physics as we know it start to fail. 90% light speed. A 100% or when we exceeded it. Exceeding light speed is the popular scenario for traveling back though earth's time line.

Either way does a black hole spins 90%, on or exceeds light speed the law of circular motion applies or changes to the opposite? Sliding a black hole directly though the singularity or by-passing it though the event horizon instead the laws of physics may change back to we know it in accordance with the laws of the other universe existing the output or it doesn't.

Saturday, October 21, 2017

antimater matter

Everything in matter  we know including our bodies is made up of cells that are made up of molecules that are made up of atoms. Atomic particle are so tiny even with a powerful microscope to see them are like trying observe a bunch of marbles with a telescope dozens of kilometres away.

The default model of the atom is made up of tiny orbiting particles called electrons orbiting a central core that is made up of  bigger particles called protons and neutrons. Electrons orbit the two central particles (Nucleus) 95% light speed.

Atomic particles have the properties of electrical charge. Electrons have a negative charge while the central proton has a positive charge. The neutron has no charge at all.

We have all discovered at one time or another playing round with two magnets they not only cling together but also discover repel each other. If a bar magnet is suspended freely in a sling it will aligning itself one end North and one end South. The invisible magnetic fields surrounding each end are attracted to the earth's magnetic poles moving the mass of the magnet like a compass.

One end is attracted pulled to the North pole while the other is repelled pushed away from the South pole aligning across the North and South pole direction. One end is North seeking and the other South seeking where we have N and S seeking magnetic poles in every magnetic filed.

In the same way the negative charge (-) electrons are repelled by the negative charge electrons attracted to the positively (+) charged protons. The like repel and unlike attract law. The forces work together electrons repelling electrons attracted to protons like nails flying to a magnet. This is the property of matter.

Anti matter is a mirror image of matter but electrons are positive, and protons are negative while the neutron remains neutral. The repelling forces is the key to understand how mixing matter and antimatter is so dangerous to each other.

When we mix antimatter with matter it is a case of the same electrical charges occupying the same spaces at the same time. By the unlike attract law the negatively charged protons repel the negatively charged electrons. So too the positively charged protons repel the positively charged electrons.

The consequences of the forces of the repulsions scatter the particles on a light speed scale turning into a colossal amount of light speed scale energy.

In 1964 NBC TV station studios planed a brand new science fiction TV series called Star Trek. Scientific advisers suggested the use of the ships engines make use of the power of mixing antimatter with matter to propel the Enterprise to light speed in an instant called warp drive.

The theoretical concept solved an accelerating engineering problem. Isaac Newtown's 3rd law of force and motion states where there is a force (acceleration acting on  a body) there is an equal and opposite force pulling back on the acceleration we commonly express as G's resisting acceleration expressed as the inertia of the accelerating body.

In terms of the System International (SI) units equivalent of feeling weighed back by several kilograms (or pounds if you like) force. In scientific notation any force reference is given in Newtown's.

If the Enterprise was accelerated to light speed in a second  in the zero resistance of out of space the mass would generate so much pull back force would only be capable of a maximum speed less than a percent of light speed. It wouldn't go any faster. At maximum speed the acceleration is terminated to a constant velocity. Terminal velocity has energy of moment called Kinetic energy.

The theory was if an injection of antimatter was introduced to matter the powerful repelling forces generate an equivalent pull forward force on the mass of the Enterprise. Effectively a reversal of the pull back force. It was theorized way back in 1964 the mass of the enterprise would be aided by the interaction of matter and antimatter in the generation of the forward puling force instead of the hindrance of the pull back force. In the pull forward force the Enterprise would be no more heavy with kinetic energy than stationary allowing it to accelerate to 100% of light speed with out being any heavier with kinetic energy. (Or as G's as we know it if you like)

In theoretical terms if Star trek warp drive and Star wars hyperspace drive travel is anything to go by projects space travel for man kind using antimatter matter mix engines is assured as opposed to using wormhole travel.